An yi amfani da suturar da za a iya warkewa ta UV mai girma wajen kera bene, kayan daki, da kabad na shekaru masu yawa. Domin mafi yawan wannan lokacin, 100% - m da ƙarfi-tushen UV-curable coatings sun kasance rinjaye fasaha a kasuwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, fasaha na tushen ruwa-UV-curable shafi ya girma. Resins na tushen ruwa UV-curable resins sun tabbatar da zama kayan aiki mai amfani ga masana'antun don dalilai daban-daban, gami da wucewar tabon KCMA, gwajin juriya na sinadarai, da rage VOCs. Domin wannan fasaha ta ci gaba da girma a wannan kasuwa, an gano direbobi da yawa a matsayin mahimman wuraren da ake buƙatar ingantawa. Waɗannan za su ɗauki resins na tushen ruwa na UV mai warkewa fiye da samun “dole ne” waɗanda yawancin resins suka mallaka. Za su fara ƙara abubuwa masu mahimmanci ga sutura, suna kawo darajar zuwa kowane matsayi tare da sarkar darajar daga mai samar da sutura zuwa masana'anta zuwa mai sakawa kuma, a ƙarshe, ga mai shi.
Masu kera, musamman a yau, suna son suturar da za ta yi fiye da kawai wuce ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Hakanan akwai wasu kaddarorin da ke ba da fa'idodi a cikin masana'anta, tattara kaya, da shigarwa. Sifa ɗaya da ake so shine haɓaka ingancin shuka. Don rufin tushen ruwa wannan yana nufin saurin sakin ruwa da saurin toshe juriya. Wani sifa da ake so shine haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na guduro don kamawa/sake amfani da shafi, da sarrafa kayan aikin su. Ga mai amfani na ƙarshe da mai sakawa, halayen da ake so sun fi ƙarfin ƙonawa kuma babu alamar ƙarfe yayin shigarwa.
Wannan labarin zai tattauna sababbin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin polyurethanes na tushen ruwa na UV-curable wanda ke ba da kwanciyar hankali na 50 ° C mai kyau a bayyane, da kuma sutura masu launi. Har ila yau, ya tattauna yadda waɗannan resins ke magance halayen da ake so na mai amfani da shafi a cikin ƙara saurin layi ta hanyar sakin ruwa mai sauri, ingantacciyar juriya mai ƙarfi, da juriya mai ƙarfi daga layin, wanda ke haɓaka saurin haɓakawa da ayyukan tattarawa. Wannan kuma zai inganta lalacewar layi wanda wani lokaci yakan faru. Wannan labarin kuma yana magana akan haɓakawa da aka nuna a cikin tabo da juriyar sinadarai masu mahimmanci ga masu sakawa da masu su.
Fage
Yanayin yanayin masana'antar sutura yana haɓakawa koyaushe. "Dole ne ya samu" kawai wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun farashi a kowane mil da aka yi amfani da shi kawai bai isa ba. Wurin shimfidar wuri don kayan aikin masana'anta zuwa kayan gini, kayan haɗin gwiwa, bene, da kayan daki yana canzawa da sauri. Ana buƙatar masu samar da kayan aikin da ke ba da sutura ga masana'antu su sanya sutura mafi aminci ga ma'aikata su yi amfani da su, cire abubuwan da ke da damuwa, maye gurbin VOCs da ruwa, har ma da amfani da ƙarancin carbon carbon da ƙarin bio carbon. Gaskiyar ita ce, duk tare da sarkar darajar, kowane abokin ciniki yana tambayar sutura don yin fiye da kawai saduwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
Ganin wata dama ta samar da ƙarin ƙima ga masana'anta, ƙungiyarmu ta fara bincika a matakin masana'anta ƙalubalen da waɗannan masu amfani ke fuskanta. Bayan tattaunawa da yawa mun fara jin wasu jigogi na gama gari:
- Izinin cikas suna hana haɓaka burina;
- Kudade suna karuwa kuma kasafin kudin mu yana raguwa;
- Kudin duka makamashi da ma'aikata suna karuwa;
- Asarar gogaggun ma'aikata;
- Burin SG&A na kamfani, da na abokin cinikina, dole ne a cika su; kuma
- Gasar ketare.
Waɗannan jigogi sun haifar da maganganun ƙima waɗanda suka fara haɓaka tare da masu amfani da polyurethanes na tushen ruwa na UV-curable, musamman a cikin kasuwar hada-hadar kuɗi da sararin samaniya kamar: "Masu kera kayan haɗin gwiwa da kabad suna neman haɓaka haɓakar masana'anta" da "masu sana'a." suna son ikon faɗaɗa samarwa akan gajeriyar layin samarwa tare da ƙarancin sake yin aiki saboda sutura tare da jinkirin sakin ruwa. ”
Teburin 1 yana kwatanta yadda, ga masu ƙera kayan daɗaɗɗen sutura, haɓakawa a cikin wasu halayen sutura da kaddarorin jiki suna haifar da ingantattun abubuwan da mai amfani na ƙarshe zai iya gane su.
TAMBAYA 1 | Halaye da fa'idodi.
Ta hanyar zayyana PUDs masu warkarwa na UV tare da wasu halaye kamar yadda aka jera a cikin Table 1, masana'antun masu amfani da ƙarshen za su iya magance buƙatun da suke da shi don haɓaka ingancin shuka. Wannan zai ba su damar yin gasa, kuma zai iya ba su damar fadada abubuwan da ake samarwa a yanzu.
Sakamakon Gwaji da Tattaunawa
Tarihin Watsewar Polyurethane UV-Curable
A cikin 1990s, an fara amfani da amfani da kasuwanci na watsawa na anionic polyurethane wanda ke dauke da ƙungiyoyin acrylate da aka haɗe da polymer a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu.1 Yawancin waɗannan aikace-aikacen sun kasance a cikin marufi, tawada, da kayan ado na itace. Hoto na 1 yana nuna nau'in tsari na PUD mai warkewa UV, yana nuna yadda aka ƙera waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa.
HOTO NA 1 | Generic acrylate aikin polyurethane watsawa.3
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 1, UV-curable polyurethane dispersions (UV-curable PUDs), an yi sama da na hali aka gyara amfani da su sa polyurethane dispersions. Aliphatic diisocyanates suna amsawa tare da esters na yau da kullun, diols, ƙungiyoyin hydrophilization, da masu haɓaka sarkar da ake amfani da su don yin tarwatsewar polyurethane.2 Bambanci shine ƙari na ester mai aiki na acrylate, epoxy, ko ethers wanda aka haɗa a cikin matakin pre-polymer yayin yin watsawa. . Zaɓin kayan da aka yi amfani da su azaman tubalan gini, da kuma gine-ginen polymer da sarrafa su, suna ba da bayanin aikin PUD da halayen bushewa. Waɗannan zaɓin a cikin kayan albarkatun ƙasa da sarrafawa za su haifar da PUDs masu warkarwa na UV waɗanda za su iya zama waɗanda ba fim ɗin ba, da kuma waɗanda ke yin fim.
Ƙirƙirar fina-finai, ko bushewa kamar yadda ake kira da yawa, zai samar da fina-finai masu gauraye waɗanda suke bushewa da taɓawa kafin UV ta warke. Saboda masu nema suna so su iyakance gurɓatar iska na rufin saboda ɓarna, da kuma buƙatun gaggawa a cikin tsarin samar da su, galibi ana bushe su a cikin tanda a matsayin wani ɓangare na ci gaba da aiki kafin warkewar UV. Hoto na 2 yana nuna tsarin bushewa da magani na al'ada na UV-curable PUD.
HOTO NA 2 | Tsari don warkar da UV-curable PUD.
Hanyar aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da ita yawanci ana fesa. Koyaya, an yi amfani da wuka akan nadi har ma da rigar ambaliya. Da zarar an yi amfani da shi, suturar za ta kasance ta hanyar matakai huɗu kafin a sake sarrafa shi.
1.Flash: Ana iya yin wannan a ɗaki ko yanayin zafi mai tsayi na daƙiƙa da yawa zuwa mintuna biyu.
2.Oven bushe: Wannan shi ne inda ake fitar da ruwa da kayan haɗin gwiwa daga rufin. Wannan matakin yana da mahimmanci kuma yawanci yana cinye mafi yawan lokaci a cikin tsari. Wannan matakin yawanci yana a>140 °F kuma yana ɗaukar har zuwa mintuna 8. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da tanda bushewa mai yankuna da yawa.
- Fitilar IR da motsin iska: Shigar da fitilun IR da magoya bayan motsin iska zasu hanzarta walƙiyar ruwa har ma da sauri.
3. Maganin UV.
4.Cool: Da zarar an warke, shafi zai buƙaci warkewa na ɗan lokaci don cimma juriya na toshewa. Wannan matakin na iya ɗaukar tsawon mintuna 10 kafin a sami nasarar toshe juriya
Gwaji
Wannan binciken ya kwatanta PUDs guda biyu na UV-curable (WB UV), a halin yanzu ana amfani da su a cikin majalisar ministoci da kasuwar hada-hadar, zuwa sabon ci gaban mu, PUD # 65215A. A cikin wannan binciken mun kwatanta Standard #1 da Standard #2 zuwa PUD #65215A a cikin bushewa, tarewa, da juriya na sinadarai. Hakanan muna kimanta kwanciyar hankali pH da kwanciyar hankali danko, wanda zai iya zama mahimmanci yayin la'akari da sake amfani da overspray da rayuwar shiryayye. An nuna a ƙasa a cikin Tebur 2 sune kaddarorin jiki na kowane resin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan binciken. Dukkanin tsarin guda uku an ƙirƙira su zuwa matakin photoinitiator iri ɗaya, VOCs, da matakin daskararru. Dukkan resin guda uku an ƙirƙira su tare da 3% co-solvent.
TAMBAYA 2 | PUD resin Properties.
An gaya mana a cikin tambayoyinmu cewa yawancin suturar WB-UV a cikin kasuwannin haɗin gwiwa da kasuwannin kabad sun bushe akan layin samarwa, wanda ke ɗaukar tsakanin mintuna 5-8 kafin maganin UV. Sabanin haka, layin tushen ƙarfi UV (SB-UV) yana bushewa cikin mintuna 3-5. Bugu da ƙari, don wannan kasuwa, yawanci ana amfani da suturar 4-5 mils rigar. Wani babban koma baya ga ruwa na UV-curable coatings idan aka kwatanta da UV-curable tushen sauran ƙarfi-tushen madadin shine lokacin da ake ɗauka don walƙiya ruwa akan layin samarwa.4 Lalacewar fim kamar tabo fari zai faru idan ruwa bai yi kyau ba daga shafa kafin UV magani. Hakanan zai iya faruwa idan kaurin fim ɗin rigar ya yi yawa. Wadannan fararen tabo ana yin su ne lokacin da ruwa ya kama cikin fim yayin maganin UV.5
Don wannan binciken mun zaɓi jadawalin warkewa kwatankwacin wanda za'a yi amfani da shi akan layin tushen ƙarfi UV-curable. Hoto na 3 yana nuna aikace-aikacenmu, bushewa, warkewa, da jadawalin marufi da aka yi amfani da su don nazarinmu. Wannan jaddawalin bushewa yana wakiltar haɓaka tsakanin 50% zuwa 60% a cikin saurin layin gabaɗaya akan ma'aunin kasuwa na yanzu a aikace-aikacen haɗin gwiwa da kayan aiki.
HOTO NA 3 | Aikace-aikace, bushewa, warkewa, da jadawalin marufi.
A ƙasa akwai aikace-aikace da yanayin warkewa da muka yi amfani da su don nazarinmu:
●Fada aikace-aikace akan maple veneer tare da baƙar fata.
● Fitilar zafin jiki na dakika 30.
●140 °F tanda mai bushewa na minti 2.5 (tanda convection).
● Maganin UV - tsanani game da 800 mJ/cm2.
- An warke bayyanannun sutura ta amfani da fitilar Hg.
- An warkar da sutura masu launi ta amfani da fitilar Hg/Ga hade.
● Minti 1 a kwantar da hankali kafin tarawa.
Don nazarin mu mun kuma fesa kaurin fim guda uku daban-daban don ganin ko wasu fa'idodi kamar ƙarancin riguna suma za a samu. Ruwan mil 4 shine na yau da kullun na WB UV. Don wannan binciken mun kuma haɗa da aikace-aikacen rigar 6 da 8 mils.
Sakamakon Magani
Daidaitaccen #1, babban abin rufe fuska mai sheki, an nuna sakamako a cikin Hoto na 4. An yi amfani da murfin WB UV a kan allo mai matsakaicin matsakaici (MDF) a baya an rufe shi da baƙar fata kuma an warke bisa ga jadawalin da aka nuna a Hoto 3. A 4 mils rigar rufin ya wuce. Duk da haka, a 6 da 8 mils rigar aikace-aikacen rufin ya fashe, kuma an cire mil 8 cikin sauƙi saboda rashin sakin ruwa kafin maganin UV.
HOTO NA 4 | Matsayi #1.
Hakanan ana ganin irin wannan sakamako a Ma'auni #2, wanda aka nuna a hoto na 5.
HOTO NA 5 | Matsayi #2.
An nuna a cikin Hoto 6, ta amfani da jadawalin warkewa iri ɗaya kamar a cikin Hoto na 3, PUD #65215A ya nuna babban ci gaba a cikin sakin ruwa/ bushewa. A 8 mils rigar fim mai kauri, an sami raguwa kaɗan a gefen ƙananan samfurin.
HOTO NA 6 | PUD #65215A.
Ƙarin gwaji na PUD # 65215A a cikin ƙaramin haske mai haske da launi mai launi akan MDF iri ɗaya tare da baƙar fata don kimanta halayen sakin ruwa a cikin wasu nau'o'in nau'i na yau da kullum. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto na 7, ƙananan ƙirar ƙira a 5 da 7 mils rigar aikace-aikace sun saki ruwa kuma sun kafa fim mai kyau. Koyaya, a cikin rigar mil 10, yana da kauri sosai don sakin ruwan ƙarƙashin tsarin bushewa da bushewa a cikin hoto na 3.
HOTO NA 7 | Low-mai sheki PUD #65215A.
A cikin nau'i mai launi mai launin fari, PUD # 65215A yayi kyau sosai a cikin tsarin bushewa da kuma magani wanda aka kwatanta a cikin Hoto 3, sai dai idan an yi amfani da shi a 8 rigar mils. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 8, fim din ya fashe a mil 8 saboda rashin sakin ruwa. Gabaɗaya a bayyane, ƙananan mai sheki, da ƙirar launi, PUD# 65215A yayi kyau sosai a cikin tsarin fim da bushewa lokacin da aka shafa har zuwa mil 7 a jika kuma an warke a saurin bushewa da jadawalin warkewa da aka bayyana a cikin Hoto 3.
HOTO NA 8 | PUD mai launi #65215A.
Sakamakon Toshewa
Toshe juriya shine ikon rufewa na rashin mannewa wani labarin mai rufi lokacin da aka tara shi. A cikin masana'anta wannan sau da yawa kan zama ƙugiya idan yana ɗaukar lokaci don shafan da aka warke don cimma juriyar toshewa. Don wannan binciken, an yi amfani da nau'ikan launi na Standard #1 da PUD #65215A zuwa gilashin a rigar mil 5 ta amfani da mashaya zane. An warkar da waɗannan kowanne bisa ga jadawalin warkewa a cikin Hoto na 3. An warke bangarorin gilashi biyu masu rufi a lokaci guda - mintuna 4 bayan warkewar an haɗa bangarorin tare, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 9. Sun kasance suna manne tare a cikin zafin jiki na tsawon sa'o'i 24. . Idan an raba bangarorin cikin sauƙi ba tare da tambari ko lalacewa ga ruɓaɓɓen bangarorin ba to ana ɗaukar gwajin a matsayin wucewa.
Hoto na 10 yana kwatanta ingantattun juriyar toshewa na PUD# 65215A. Kodayake duka Standard #1 da PUD #65215A sun sami cikakkiyar magani a gwajin da ya gabata, PUD #65215A kawai ya nuna isasshen sakin ruwa da magani don cimma juriya.
HOTO NA 9 | Tsarin gwajin toshewa.
HOTO NA 10 | Toshe juriya na Standard #1, sannan PUD #65215A ya biyo baya.
Sakamakon Haɗewar Acrylic
Masu sana'ar sutura sukan haɗu da resins na WB UV masu warkewa tare da acrylics zuwa ƙananan farashi. Don binciken mu kuma mun kalli haɗakar PUD # 65215A tare da NeoCryl® XK-12, acrylic na tushen ruwa, galibi ana amfani da shi azaman abokin haɗaka don UV-curable water based PUDs a cikin haɗin gwiwa da kasuwar kabad. Don wannan kasuwa, ana ɗaukar gwajin tabon KCMA a matsayin ma'auni. Dangane da aikace-aikacen amfani na ƙarshe, wasu sinadarai za su zama mafi mahimmanci fiye da wasu ga mai kera labarin mai rufi. rating na 5 shine mafi kyau kuma ƙimar 1 shine mafi muni.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Tebu 3, PUD #65215A yana yin na musamman da kyau a cikin gwajin tabo na KCMA azaman babban mai sheki, ƙarami mai sheki, kuma azaman mai launi. Ko da lokacin da aka haɗu da 1: 1 tare da acrylic, gwajin tabo na KCMA ba shi da tasiri sosai. Ko da a cikin tabo tare da wakilai irin su mustard, murfin ya dawo zuwa matakin da aka yarda bayan sa'o'i 24.
TAMBAYA 3 | Chemical da tabo juriya (ƙididdigar 5 ne mafi kyau).
Baya ga gwajin tabo na KCMA, masana'antun kuma za su yi gwajin magani nan da nan bayan UV ta kashe layin. Sau da yawa za a lura da tasirin acrylic blending nan da nan daga layin warkewa a cikin wannan gwajin. Abinda ake tsammani shine rashin samun nasarar rufewa bayan 20 isopropyl barasa sau biyu rubs (20 IPA dr). Ana gwada samfurori minti 1 bayan maganin UV. A cikin gwajin mu mun ga cewa 1: 1 cakuda PUD # 65215A tare da acrylic bai ci wannan gwajin ba. Duk da haka, mun ga cewa PUD #65215A za a iya haɗe shi da 25% NeoCryl XK-12 acrylic kuma har yanzu ya wuce gwajin 20 IPA dr (NeoCryl alamar kasuwanci ce mai rijista ta ƙungiyar Covestro).
HOTO NA 11 | 20 IPA sau biyu rubs, minti 1 bayan maganin UV.
Gudun Ƙarfafawa
An kuma gwada zaman lafiyar PUD #65215A. Ana ɗaukar tsari a matsayin tsayayye idan bayan makonni 4 a 40 ° C, pH baya faɗuwa ƙasa 7 kuma danko ya kasance barga idan aka kwatanta da na farko. Don gwajin mu mun yanke shawarar ƙaddamar da samfuran zuwa yanayi mafi muni har zuwa makonni 6 a 50 ° C. A waɗannan sharuɗɗan Standard #1 da #2 ba su tabbata ba.
Don gwajin mu mun kalli babban mai sheki, ƙarami mai sheki, da kuma ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun launuka masu sheki da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan binciken. Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 12, daidaiton pH na duk nau'i-nau'i guda uku ya kasance barga kuma sama da madaidaicin pH 7.0. Hoto na 13 yana misalta ƙaramin ɗanɗanon danko bayan makonni 6 a 50 ° C.
HOTO NA 12 | kwanciyar hankali pH na PUD #65215A.
HOTO NA 13 | Danganin kwanciyar hankali na PUD #65215A.
Wani gwajin da ke nuna kwanciyar hankali na PUD #65215A shine sake gwada juriya ta KCMA na wani tsari na shafi wanda ya tsufa tsawon makonni 6 a 50 °C, kuma kwatanta hakan da juriya ta KCMA ta farko. Rubutun da ba su nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali ba za su ga faɗuwa cikin aikin tabo. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 14, PUD # 65215A ya kiyaye matakin aiki iri ɗaya kamar yadda ya yi a farkon gwajin sinadarai / tabo mai launi da aka nuna a cikin Table 3.
HOTO NA 14 | Abubuwan gwajin sinadarai don PUD mai launi #65215A.
Ƙarshe
Ga masu amfani da kayan shafa na tushen ruwa na UV-curable, PUD #65215A zai ba su damar saduwa da ka'idodin ayyukan yau da kullun a cikin kasuwannin haɗakarwa, katako da kasuwanni, kuma ƙari, zai ba da damar tsarin shafi don ganin haɓaka saurin layin zuwa sama da 50. -60% sama da daidaitattun kayan kwalliyar ruwa na UV-curable na yanzu. Ga applicator wannan na iya nufin:
● Saurin samarwa;
● Ƙara girman fim din yana rage buƙatar ƙarin sutura;
●Gajeren layin bushewa;
●Tsarin makamashi saboda rage buƙatun busassun;
●Rashin tarkace saboda saurin toshe juriya;
●Rage sharar rufewa saboda kwanciyar hankali na guduro.
Tare da VOCs kasa da 100 g/L, masana'antun kuma sun fi iya cimma burinsu na VOC. Ga masana'antun da za su iya samun damuwa na faɗaɗawa saboda matsalolin izini, saurin-ruwa-sakin PUD #65215A zai ba su damar samun sauƙin biyan wajibcin ka'idojin su ba tare da sadaukarwa ba.
A farkon wannan labarin mun kawo daga tambayoyinmu cewa masu amfani da kayan da za a iya warkewa na tushen UV za su bushe da kuma warkar da sutura a cikin tsari wanda ya ɗauki tsakanin mintuna 3-5. Mun nuna a cikin wannan binciken cewa bisa ga tsarin da aka nuna a Hoto na 3, PUD #65215A zai warke har zuwa mil 7 rigar fim mai kauri a cikin mintuna 4 tare da zafin jiki na tanda na 140 ° C. Wannan yana da kyau a cikin taga mafi yawan kayan da za a iya warkewa na tushen ƙarfi UV. PUD #65215A na iya ba da damar masu amfani na yanzu na kayan da ake warkewa na tushen ƙarfi UV don canzawa zuwa kayan da za a iya warkewa na tushen ruwa tare da ɗan canji zuwa layin suturarsu.
Ga masana'antun yin la'akari da haɓaka samarwa, suturar da ta dogara da PUD #65215A zai ba su damar:
●Ajiye kuɗi ta hanyar amfani da guntun layin da ke tushen ruwa;
●A sami ƙaramin sawun layin sutura a cikin makaman;
●Yi tasiri mai tasiri akan izinin VOC na yanzu;
● Gane tanadin makamashi saboda rage buƙatun bushewa.
A ƙarshe, PUD # 65215A zai taimaka wajen inganta haɓakar haɓakar layukan suturar UV-curable ta hanyar babban aikin kayan aiki na jiki da saurin sakin ruwa na guduro lokacin da aka bushe a 140 ° C.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-14-2024
